Renewable energy is defined as all natural sources, which are generally inexhaustible and capable of producing electrical energy if used correctly. These types of energy boast a low environmental impact and do not imply the destruction of natural resources.
Renewable energy sources include underground heat for geothermal energy, solar radiation for photovoltaic energy, the power of appropriately channeled water flows for hydroelectric energy, and even the intensity of the wind for wind energy.
Renewable energy, initially used mainly for large-scale industry, has, over time, managed to spread also within the domestic context, allowing individual users to self-produce their own clean energy and lower their environmental impact. But what is better, wind vs solar energy? Let’s find out
What is wind energy?
To explain in extremely simplistic terms how wind energy is obtained, it is sufficient to keep in mind the operating principle of a pinwheel; the intensity of the wind serves to set in motion what is called wind turbines, that is, long arms that, by rotating, activate a rotor capable of converting the kinetic energy of the movement into electrical energy.
Within the umbrella term “wind system”, it is then necessary to distinguish between horizontal-axis wind power, generally large, and vertical-axis wind power, more often small in size and intended for domestic use.
What is photovoltaic energy?
Photovoltaic energy, not to be mistakenly confused with solar thermal energy, is obtained thanks to special panels composed of multiple photovoltaic cells, i.e., small devices capable of converting solar rays’ energy into electrical energy.
Today, the photovoltaic industry is so developed and consolidated that it can offer multiple solutions; among the panels offered on the market are photovoltaic panels with storage, photovoltaic panels with inverter, grid-connected panels, and stand-alone panels, each perfect for satisfying different and personalized needs.
What are mini and micro wind turbines?
The expression “mini wind” refers, as is easy to imagine, to very small wind power plants, i.e. less than 30 metres high. These plants are generally intended for the production of energy for a single user as they are predictably much less powerful than standard-sized plants.
However, when talking about small-scale wind farms, the term “micro wind” often comes up, which can create confusion. One might think that the two terms are interchangeable, a completely incorrect belief; let’s, therefore, clarify the differences between mini wind and micro wind.
| Mini wind power | Micro wind energy |
| It can reach up to 200 kW | It reaches a maximum of 500 watts |
| Perfect for meeting household needs such as lighting | Extremely limited use for minimal needs such as powering field kitchens, routers or charging laptops |
| It consists of small-sized turbines | Use portable mechanisms |
| The plant is potentially connected to the national energy grid with an exchange system | It can be useful and functional only and exclusively for the satisfaction of the needs of the individual user |
| It can be ideal for both home and small business environments. | The system remains autonomous |
Photovoltaic or domestic wind: which is better?
There is no precise and unequivocal answer to this question; much depends first of all on the environment and the climatic conditions of the area in which you wish to proceed with the installation: a property that is located in a poorly lit area and little exposed to sunlight, obviously will not lend itself well to the installation of a photovoltaic system.
Likewise, it is not advisable to opt for a wind farm in an area where the wind does not arrive with sufficient power or continuity, such as in the middle of the buildings of a large city; so let’s now proceed with a more orderly comparison:
Installation location:
| Photovoltaic | Wind power |
| Philippines is a territory that remains generally sunny throughout the year., therefore opting for a photovoltaic system can be a winning choice in practically any region. | The choice of the installation area is crucial and must be entrusted to competent technicians to carefully evaluate all the characteristics of the territory. In fact, if the chosen area is not windy enough, the system may not even be able to start. Generally speaking, wind farms are not recommended in cities, as they are better suited to coastal and maritime areas and occasionally in high mountains. |
| Photovoltaic | Wind power |
| Maintenance of photovoltaic panels is much less complicated and much more sporadic than that required for wind power plants. Generally, all you need for cleaning is a soft cloth or sponge and demineralized water. There are even self-cleaning panels that require even less effort. Beyond this type of routine maintenance, the panels should be inspected by an expert technician approximately once a year. | Wind farms are a little more delicate from a maintenance point of view, both mechanically and environmentally. Being exposed to the elements and having a structure that could attract lightning makes them slightly more prone to damage and consequent malfunctions. Furthermore, it is advisable to rely on a technician for cleaning to avoid damaging components such as the blades or the rotor. |
Operation:
| Photovoltaic | Wind power |
| Photovoltaic panels do not need specific conditions to work, they can produce energy in any climate and weather conditions, even if the sky is not clear; in this case the energy production could be lower, but this problem can be overcome with an accumulation system. This translates into a continuous and fairly constant production of electrical energy. | Wind turbines require certain conditions to function properly; if the wind power is below a certain range, the turbines will not be able to operate, resulting in zero energy production. Furthermore, finding areas where the wind blows constantly and continuously is quite complex, so it is not certain that the energy supply will be sufficient to satisfy the user’s needs. |